What Are Subterranean Termites?

Subterranean termites are one of the most common and destructive types of termites found in the United States. They live in large underground colonies and rely on soil contact and moisture to survive. Because they attack wood from the inside out, infestations often go unnoticed until significant damage has already occurred.

Where Subterranean Termites Live

Subterranean termites build their colonies in the soil beneath or near structures. From there, they travel to food sources using mud tubes, which are narrow, earthen tunnels that protect them from light, air, and dehydration. These tubes are commonly found along foundations, crawl spaces, walls, and plumbing penetrations.

How They Damage Homes

These termites feed on cellulose found in wood and wood-based materials. They can damage:

• Structural framing

• Floor joists and subfloors

• Wall studs

• Beams and supports

Because they consume wood from the inside, the exterior surface may appear intact while the interior is severely compromised.

Signs of Subterranean Termite Activity

Common warning signs include:

• Mud tubes along foundations or walls

• Hollow-sounding or damaged wood

• Bubbling or peeling paint that resembles water damage

• Swarming winged termites, usually in spring or after rain

Early detection is critical, as subterranean termites work continuously and can cause extensive damage in a short period of time.

Why Professional Treatment Is Important

Subterranean termites are difficult to eliminate without professional treatment because the colony is located underground and often away from the structure. Effective control typically requires soil treatments, trenching, baiting systems, or a combination of methods to eliminate the colony and create a protective barrier around the building.